| Global Healthcare Issue |
Infectious disease and global pandemics |
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| Description |
Infectious diseases are diseases caused by and transmitted by organisms. Viruses and bacteria are the most implicated microorganisms. These diseases have brought considerable public health problems in many regions around the globe and have been the cause of major pandemics that have troubled the world’s security. Coronavirus is the most recent infectious organism that has troubled the world. It is responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic that has brought significant economic predicaments in most countries worldwide.
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| Country | United States
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Mexico |
| Describe the policy in each country related to the identified healthcare issue. | Various policies have been established in the U.S. to prevent and combat various infectious diseases and global pandemics. The coronavirus relief fund bill and the American rescue plan were policies that were targeted at availing resources necessary for ramping up vaccine production, screening, testing for COVID-19, and contact tracing to minimize the spread of coronavirus. Mask mandates were also passed at the federal level and in some states to enable the spread of the virus during the COVID-19 pandemic. With the development of a vaccine against Covid 19, federal mandates have been made to ensure people get vaccinated (Chernozhukov et al., 2021). All these efforts aim to stop the virus spread, minimize its health effects, and end the pandemic. | The government has instituted policies to minimize the spread of infectious diseases. Just like in the U.S., travel restrictions, social distancing and mask mandates have been made. As evident during the Covid 19 pandemic, the Mexican government directed the closure of schools and allocated resources towards improving the healthcare sector within the country. These measures enhance responsiveness towards the pandemic and can save many lives.
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| What are the strengths of this policy? | Policies such as social distancing, mask-wearing, and travel restrictions are very significant in cutting transmission chains during the early phases of the pandemic. Additionally, policies on resource allocation to healthcare are essential in enhancing their responsiveness to the pandemic. Significant proportions of these resources are utilized in vaccine production and administration and thus form important tools for fighting these global threats.
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Social distancing, mask-wearing, and travel restrictions have also been used by the Mexican government and are significant in cutting transmission chains during the early phases of the pandemic. Policies on resource allocation to healthcare were essential in enhancing their responsiveness to the pandemic. This also enhanced access to healthcare among the Mexican population in remote rural areas. |
| What are the weaknesses of this policy? | Mask mandates, social distancing, and a ban on public gatherings in the U.S. have not been adopted in some states. This remains an enabling factor for the spread of infectious diseases, as evident in the ongoing pandemic.
Policies on travel restrictions between the two countries were also not adequately observed due to the porosity of some parts of the southern borders. These weaknesses may have been implicating factors in the spread of the virus.
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Mask mandates, social distancing, and a ban on public gatherings in Mexico have not been adequately implemented. As evident in the ongoing global pandemic, some proportion of the population remains non-adherent to these policy provisions and has thus contributed to the spread of these infectious diseases. Policies on economic lockdowns have contributed to the rise in poverty levels. Policies on cross-border travel restrictions between the two countries were also not adequately observed due to the porosity of some parts of the southern borders. These weaknesses may have been implicating factors in the spread of the virus. |
| Explain how the social determinants of health may impact the specified global health issue. (Be specific and provide examples)
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